Computational Design · 2024

View Optimization

Computational form-finding through view optimization

A genetic algorithm shapes a Chicago high-rise so every home has maximum unobstructed views. Floor-plate proportion, rotation and twist are the genes; unobstructed views are the fitness. The winner is voxelised into stacked homes.

Context
University of Michigan · Research
Role
Individual research
Location
Chicago
Year
2024
Tools
  • Rhino
  • Grasshopper
  • Galapagos
Genes · proportion, rotation, twist
3
Total iterations
696

The question

In a dense downtown, the view is the most valuable thing a home can have. Instead of drawing a tower and testing it, what if the tower were grown from its views?

The genes

A parametric tower with three genomes: floor-plate proportion, overall rotation, and a sequential twist from floor to floor. Galapagos, an evolutionary solver, breeds and mutates variants. Fitness counts the view rays that reach the Chicago River, Navy Pier and other landmarks unobstructed.

Base geometry
Base geometry
Rotation parameter
Rotation
Floor plate scaling
Floor-plate scale
Sequential twisting
Sequential twist
Galapagos searching for views. Scroll or drag to step through the iterations.

Galapagos searching for views. Scroll or drag to step through the iterations.

Iteration 01 / 19

First generationFittest form

The result

The fittest form is voxelised into stacked housing units, and windows are placed only where the view is clear. The algorithm finds the massing; the voxels turn it into rooms.

Voxel study: a clipping plane through the stacked units.
The optimised tower voxelised into housing units